For the application of metal laser cutting machine, cutting quality is the first consideration. Metal laser cutting machine has good cutting quality and can create greater value for metal manufacturers. What factors will affect the cutting quality of metal laser cutting machine? Next, Chuyu Optoelectronics will introduce it to you.
Influence of cutting speed on metal laser cutting quality
The cutting speed is inversely proportional to the density and thickness of the material to be cut. That is to say, the greater the density and thickness of the cutting material, the slower the cutting speed.
The influence of too fast speed on the quality of metal laser cutting
It may cause cutting failure with sparks.
Only part of the area was cut off.
The cutting part is rough.
The cutting part has a diagonal stripe path, and excessive slag is generated in the lower part of the workpiece.
Influence of low speed on the quality of metal laser cutting
It may cause excessive melting of sheet metal and rough cutting surface.
The cut will be wider, which may reduce the cutting accuracy.
Low cutting efficiency will affect production capacity.
Selection of appropriate metal laser cutting speed
The feed speed can be judged by cutting spark. During normal cutting, sparks will diffuse downward, and when the speed is too high, sparks will accumulate; If the sparks do not spread but gather together, the feed speed is too low.
Influence of nozzle on metal laser cutting quality
According to different nozzle design, the air flow conditions will be different, which will directly affect the cutting quality.
Main functions of nozzle
The function of the cutting nozzle is
1. In order to prevent the debris of melted materials from rebounding upward and entering the nozzle to damage the lens.
2. To control the area and size of gas diffusion.
Influence of nozzle height on metal cutting quality
During normal cutting, the following height of the nozzle (the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece) should generally be kept at 0.8mm-1.2mm.
Too low a height may cause the sheet metal part to collide with the nozzle, while too high a height may cause the gas to diffuse, resulting in a large number of residues on the cutting bottom surface.
Modern laser cutting machines are equipped with inductive or capacitive sensor feedback equipment, which can automatically adjust the distance between the two to a predetermined height range.
Factors influencing the quality of metal laser cutting
Influence of nozzle deformation on metal laser cutting quality
In the cutting process, when the nozzle collides or rubs with the workpiece, the nozzle is easily deformed. The deformed nozzle will affect the concentricity between the nozzle center and the laser beam.
When the center of the nozzle and the laser beam are on different axes, the following adverse effects will occur:
It will affect the quality of the cut part. The volume of auxiliary gas blown from the deformed or melted nozzle is uneven, which causes the cutting part to burn or melt on one side.
It will affect the quality of the sharp corners. Local over melting may occur when cutting sharp corners. When cutting thick plates, it may not be possible to cut.
It will affect perforation. The perforation is unstable and the time is not easy to control. The penetration of thick plates may lead to excessive melting, and the penetration conditions are difficult to control.
Therefore, the nozzle shall be placed carefully and shall not be damaged to avoid deformation; The melt on the nozzle shall be cleaned in time. At the same time, the nozzle shall be highly accurate during manufacturing and correct installation. If the conditions are changed due to poor nozzle quality during cutting, the nozzle shall be replaced in time.
Influence of laser power on metal laser cutting quality
Laser power has a decisive influence on cutting process and quality.
Select appropriate cutting power for cutting, and the cutting part will be smooth and will not melt.
If the laser power is too small, the heat is insufficient, and the temperature of the molten product near the lower edge is low and the viscosity is high, so the high-pressure air flow cannot completely blow it away and stay at the lower edge of the cutting surface, which will produce slag. In severe cases, incisions may not even be possible.
If the laser power is too large, the heat input is too large, so the melting range of the workpiece is larger than the range that can be expelled by the high-pressure air flow, and the molten metal cannot be completely blown away. The airflow produces excessive combustion.
Influence of auxiliary gas on metal laser cutting quality
The auxiliary gas can not only blow away the slag in time, but also cool the workpiece and clean the lens. Different auxiliary gases can be used to change the cutting speed and the surface quality of the kerf. This is of great significance for cutting special metals.
Influence of processing materials on the quality of metal laser cutting
Zinc treated sheets may produce slag at the edges. The plates with rust, grease and embroidery spots should be cleaned first and then cut; If it is impossible to clean, increase the power and pressure of auxiliary gas to avoid continuous cutting.
The above are the external factors of the metal laser cutting machine that affect the cutting quality of the workpiece. However, the important factor of cutting quality is the quality of the metal laser cutting machine itself, so it is necessary to choose a powerful manufacturer to purchase the equipment.
